Basil
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Ocimum basilicum
Annual
Popular varieties: Sweet Basil, Genovese Basil, Spicy Globe
Basil is perhaps the most widely known and one of the most popular culinary herbs. Used in many Italian dishes, it is aromatic and has a slightly sweet flavor. The scent is said to be uplifting and very refreshing.
Cultivation of basil is a bit different than other herbs. Basil prefers slightly moist, well-drained soil, and plenty of organic matter. Genovese basil should be trimmed regularly, as it grows rapidly. The compact basil varieties, such as Spicy Globe, require less maintenance, but should be pinched regularly to prevent blooming. If grown in pots, keep an eye on the rootball. Basil becomes potbound quickly, and may need to be potted up once or twice during the growing season. This is especially true if it is grown in a mixed container planting.
Basil may be propagated from rooted cuttings or seed, and is one of the easier herbs to grow from seed. Plants are usually available in early spring, and should be planted outdoors after the last frost.
Basil leaves for garnish should be harvested when young and tender. For soups and stews where the appearance of the leaves isn’t as important, the older leaves may be harvested and used.
